(a) controversy between Canada and the province;
(b) controversy between the province and another province of Canada that has passed an Act similar to this Act; and
(c) suit, action or proceeding in which the parties by their pleadings have raised the question of the validity of an Act of the Parliament of Canada or of an Act of the Legislature of the province, where a judge of the court in which the suit, action or proceeding is pending decides that the question is material, and where he or she so decides the judge shall, at the request of the parties, and may, without such a request, order the case to be removed to the Supreme Court of Canada so that the question may be decided.